Update
Solana Sandwich Bots Extract $29.7M Over 11 Months
Bitquery estimates that Solana sandwich bots, including Pump.fun's launch curve and PumpSwap, extracted approximately $29.7 million over a 11-month period. The total is gross extraction, not net profit. Other bots' trades accounted for 39% of the estimated gross take. Bitquery's study, covering successful swaps, found 6,850,144 attacks by 2,545 bot wallets affecting 2,154,994 distinct wallets between October 30, 2025, and October 7, 2026. Among trades sent by swap router Jupiter through Pump.fun's launch curve or PumpSwap, trades allowing 20%–50% slippage were sandwiched 14 times as often as those allowing under 3%. The slippage comparison is observational and covers Jupiter routes through Pump.fun's launch curve or PumpSwap. Jupiter carried only a small share of all victim trades in the investigation. The $29.7 million estimate values SOL at the minute of each attack and does not measure net profit. In Bitquery's separate 63-attack fee sample, bots retained 68% of aggregate gross proceeds, and 18 attacks lost money after costs. The report also identifies inconsistent Pump.fun sale-fee recording that affects its gross estimate by about 3%. Bitquery used repeated trading patterns to identify bots, excluded round trips beginning in a token's first 10 slots, and reports gaps in exchange and block coverage. Chain records cannot prove a bot saw an order beforehand, and some qualifying wallets may be fast traders.